4, books — 5, voters. Best First Book by New Author. 1, books — 3, voters. Best of Stephen King. books — 3, voters. YA Novels by Goodreads Authors. 1, books — 3, voters. Best Kristen Ashley Books. 71 books 6/27/ · Tone refers to the attitude of a writer toward the subject he is writing about. A writer can convey his attitude directly, by stating his opinion, or indirectly, through his choice of vocabulary and stylistic elements. As an essay writer, your job consists of investigating the purpose or significance of the author 9/25/ · A writer is a person who writes a book, article, or any literary piece, while an author is essentially the person who originates the idea, plot, or content of the work being written. At times, the author and writer can be the same person. In case of an autobiography, a /5(14)
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He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Author writer of books College, Oxford from to and the Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford from to Lewisa co-member of the informal literary discussion group The Inklings.
Tolkien was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March After Tolkien's death, his son Christopher published a series of works based on his author writer of books extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The Silmarillion.
These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Ringsform a connected body of tales, poemsfictional histories, invented languagesand literary essays about a fantasy world called Arda and, within it, Middle-earth. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien, [4] the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature [5] [6] —or, more precisely, author writer of books high fantasy.
Tolkien's immediate paternal ancestors were middle-class craftsmen who made and sold clocks, watches and pianos in London and Birmingham. The Tolkien family originated in the East Prussian town Kreuzburg near Königsbergwhich was founded during medieval German eastward expansionwhere his earliest-known paternal ancestor Michel Tolkien was born around Michel's son Christianus Tolkien — was a wealthy miller in Kreuzburg.
His son Christian Tolkien — moved from Kreuzburg to nearby Danzigand his two sons Daniel Gottlieb Tolkien — and Johann later known as John Benjamin Tolkien — emigrated to London in the s and became the ancestors of the English family; the younger brother was J. Tolkien's second great-grandfather. Daniel Gottlieb obtained British citizenship inbut John Benjamin apparently never became a British citizen.
Other German relatives also joined the two brothers in Author writer of books. Several people with the surname Tolkien or similar spelling, some of them members of the same family as J, author writer of books. Tolkien, live in northern Germany, but most of them are descendants of people who evacuated East Prussia inat the end of World War II.
Tolkien was aware of the Tolkien family's German origin, his knowledge of the family's history was limited because he was "early isolated author writer of books the family of his prematurely deceased father".
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born on 3 January in Bloemfontein in the Orange Free State later annexed by the British Empire ; now Free State Province in the Republic of South Africato Arthur Reuel Tolkien —an English bank manager, and his wife Mabel, née Suffield — The couple had left England when Arthur was promoted to head the Bloemfontein office of the British bank for which he worked.
Tolkien had one sibling, his younger brother, Hilary Arthur Reuel Tolkienwho was born on 17 February As a child, Tolkien was bitten by a large baboon spider in the author writer of books, an author writer of books some think later echoed in his stories, although he admitted no actual memory of the event and no special hatred of spiders as an adult.
In another incident, a young family servant, who thought Tolkien a beautiful child, took the baby to his kraal to show him off, returning him the next morning. When he was three, he went to England with his mother and brother on what was intended to be author writer of books lengthy family visit. His father, however, died in Author writer of books Africa of rheumatic fever before he could join them.
Soon after, author writer of books, inthey moved to Sarehole now in Hall Greenthen a Worcestershire village, later annexed to Birmingham. Mabel Tolkien taught her two children at home. Ronald, as he was known in the family, was a keen pupil.
Young Tolkien liked to draw landscapes and trees, but his favourite lessons were those concerning languages, and his mother taught him the rudiments of Latin very early. Tolkien could read by the age of four and could write fluently soon afterwards. His mother allowed him to read many books. He disliked Treasure Island and The Pied Piper and thought Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll was "amusing but disturbing".
He liked stories about "Red Indians" Native Americans and the fantasy works by George MacDonald. Mabel Tolkien was received into the Roman Catholic Church in despite vehement protests by her Baptist family, author writer of books, [27] which stopped all financial assistance to her.
Inwhen J. Tolkien was 12, his mother died of acute diabetes at Fern Cottage in Rednalwhich she was renting. She was then about 34 years of age, about as old as a person with diabetes mellitus type 1 could survive without treatment— insulin would not be discovered until two decades later.
Nine years after her death, Tolkien wrote, "My own dear mother was a martyr indeed, and it is not to everybody that God grants so easy a way to his great gifts as he did to Hilary and myself, giving us a mother who killed herself with labour and trouble to ensure us keeping the faith. Before her death, Mabel Tolkien had assigned the guardianship of her sons to her close friend, Father Francis Xavier Morgan of the Birmingham Oratorywho was assigned to bring them up as good Catholics.
He was—and he was not. I first learned charity and forgiveness from him; and in author writer of books light of it pierced even the 'liberal' darkness out of which I came, knowing more [i.
Tolkien having grown up knowing more] about ' Bloody Mary ' than the Mother of Jesus —who was never mentioned except as an object of wicked worship by the Romanists. Philip's School. Inhe won a Foundation Scholarship and returned to King Edward's. While in his early teens, Tolkien had his first encounter with a constructed languageAnimalic, author writer of books, an invention of his cousins, Mary and Marjorie Incledon.
At that time, he was studying Latin and Anglo-Saxon. Their interest in Animalic soon died away, but Mary and others, including Tolkien himself, invented a new and more complex language called Nevbosh.
The next constructed language he came to work with, Naffarin, would be his own creation. Around 10 June he composed "The Book of the Foxrook", a sixteen-page notebook, where the "earliest example of one of his invented alphabets" appears. Inwhile author writer of books were at King Edward's School, Tolkien and author writer of books friends, Rob Gilson, Geoffrey Bache Smith and Christopher Wiseman, formed a semi-secret society they called the T.
The initials stood for Tea Club and Barrovian Society, alluding to their fondness for drinking tea in Barrow's Stores near the school and, secretly, author writer of books, in the school library. For Tolkien, author writer of books, the result of this meeting was a strong dedication to writing poetry. InTolkien went on a summer holiday in Switzerland, a trip that he recollects vividly in a letter, [T 3] noting that Bilbo 's journey across the Misty Mountains "including the glissade down the slithering stones into the pine woods" is directly based on his adventures as their party of 12 hiked from Interlaken to Lauterbrunnen and on to camp in the moraines beyond Mürren.
Fifty-seven years later, Tolkien remembered his regret at leaving the view of the eternal snows of Jungfrau and Silberhorn"the Silvertine Celebdil of my dreams". They went across the Kleine Scheidegg to Grindelwald and on across the Grosse Scheidegg to Meiringen. They continued across the Grimsel Passthrough the upper Valais to Brig and on to the Aletsch glacier and Zermatt.
In October of the same year, Tolkien began studying at Exeter College, Oxford. He initially studied classics but changed his course in to English language and literaturegraduating in with first-class honours. At the age of 16, Tolkien met Edith Mary Brattwho was three years his senior, when he and his brother Hilary moved into the boarding house where she lived in Duchess Road, Edgbaston.
According to Humphrey Carpenter, "Edith and Ronald took to frequenting Birmingham teashops, especially one which had a balcony overlooking the pavement. There they would sit and throw sugarlumps into the hats of passers-by, moving to the next table when the sugar bowl was empty.
With two people of their personalities and in their position, romance was bound to flourish. Both were orphans in need of affection, and they found that they could give it to each other. During the summer ofthey decided that they were in love. His guardian, Father Morgan, considered it "altogether unfortunate" [T 4] that his surrogate son was romantically involved with an older, Protestant woman; Tolkien wrote that the combined tensions contributed to his having "muffed [his] exams".
Tolkien obeyed this prohibition to the letter, [40] with one notable early exception, over which Father Morgan threatened to cut short his university career if he did not stop. On the evening of his 21st birthday, Tolkien wrote to Edith, who was living with family friend C. Jessop at Cheltenham. Author writer of books declared that he had never ceased to love her, and asked her to marry him. Edith replied that she had already accepted the proposal of George Field, the brother of one of her closest school friends.
But Edith said she had agreed to marry Field only because she felt "on the shelf" and had begun to doubt that Tolkien still cared for her, author writer of books. She explained that, because of Tolkien's letter, everything had changed. On 8 JanuaryTolkien travelled by train to Cheltenham and was met on the platform by Edith. The two took a walk into the countryside, sat under a railway viaduct, and talked. By the end of the day, Edith had agreed to accept Tolkien's proposal.
She wrote to Field and returned her engagement ring. Field was "dreadfully upset at first", author writer of books, and the Field family was "insulted and angry".
Had he adopted a profession it would have been different. Following their engagement, Edith reluctantly announced that she was converting to Catholicism at Tolkien's insistence. Jessop, "like many others of his age and class strongly anti-Catholic ", was infuriated, and he ordered Edith to find other lodgings.
Edith Bratt and Ronald Tolkien were formally engaged at Birmingham in Januaryand married at St. Mary Immaculate Roman Catholic Church, Warwickon 22 March In AugustBritain entered the First World War. Tolkien's relatives were shocked when he elected not to volunteer immediately for the British Army.
In a letter to his son Michael, author writer of books, Tolkien recalled: "In those days chaps joined up, or were scorned publicly. It was a nasty cleft to be in for a young man with too much imagination and little physical courage. By the time he passed his finals in JulyTolkien recalled that the hints were "becoming outspoken from relatives", author writer of books.
In a letter to Edith, Tolkien complained: "Gentlemen are rare among the superiors, and even human beings rare indeed. Tolkien took up lodgings near the training author writer of books. Parting from my wife then it was like a death. On 5 JuneTolkien boarded a troop transport for an overnight voyage to Calais. Like other soldiers arriving for the first time, he was sent to the British Expeditionary Force 's BEF base depot at Étaples.
On 7 June, he was informed that he had been assigned as a signals officer to the 11th Service Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers. The battalion was part of the 74th Brigade25th Division. While waiting to be summoned to his unit, Tolkien sank into boredom. To pass the time, he composed a poem entitled The Lonely Islewhich was inspired by his feelings during the sea crossing to Calais. To evade the British Army's postal censorshiphe developed a code of dots by which Edith could track his movements.
Instead, author writer of books, he was required to "take charge of them, discipline them, train them, and probably censor their letters
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J.K. Rowling, is a British author and screenwriter best known for her seven-book Harry Potter children's book series. The series has sold more than million copies and was adapted into a 4/29/ · Rowling is one of the premier authors of the 20th century. She’s built an incredible universe within the Harry Potter books, and has rounded out her reputation as a lovely author with The Cuckoo’s Calling and The Casual Vacancy. No one expected Rowling to write the latter two books 4, books — 5, voters. Best First Book by New Author. 1, books — 3, voters. Best of Stephen King. books — 3, voters. YA Novels by Goodreads Authors. 1, books — 3, voters. Best Kristen Ashley Books. 71 books
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